Kyle Mary* and Chase Lisa
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a quickly aggressive hematopoietic disorder that progress due to the accumulation and clonal expansion of immature myeloid cells. Despite the latest developments in AML treatment, repeated relapses and drug resistance remain one of the major challenges in treatment of leukemia. Currently, it is well known that the components of the tumor microenvironment such as cellular and noncellular elements play a critical function in treatment failures of AML; also they are most common cause of complications including suppression of hematopoiesis. Exosomes are membrane-bound Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) that transfer signaling molecules and have attracted a large amount of attention due to their important role in intercellular communication in health and disease. Exosomes transport their diverse payload of chemicals, including miRNAs, growth factors, and cytokines, to leukaemia cells, aiding in their survival and chemoresistance. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and AML cells themselves are the principal exosome producers that primarily contribute to the pathogenesis of AML. Numerous target cells, including hematopoietic stem cells and Natural Killer (NK) cells, are impacted by the exosomes that these cells release, causing leukaemia to proliferate and grow. In the current work, a thorough review of the literature has been conducted to emphasise the importance of exosomes from AML in the progression of acute myeloid leukaemia and to briefly address the biology of exosomes.
