Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy* and Nada A. Al Mourshedy
Purpose: The aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of implant dimensions on the stress distribution of implant-supported mandible utilizing 3D finite element analysis. Materials and Methods: Six finite element models for the completely edentulous patient were created which corresponded to three different implant diameters (2.9, 3.4, and 3.9 mm) and two implant lengths (11 and 15 mm) grouped into six groups. The models were composed of a core of cancellous bone layer surrounded by a 2mm cortical bone layer, mucosal layer, dental implant vertically placed in the canine area, and an implant-supported overdenture. The models were loaded with 35 N vertical load and 10 N horizontal load; all loads were applied to the first molar of the prosthesis. Results: von Mises stresses were numerically situated at the implant neck. The use of a larger diameter or longer implant decreases the maximum stresses within the alveolar bone. Conclusion: Implant parameters affect load transmitting mechanism to the alveolar bone. The results suggested that the use of wider and longer implants as could as accommodated by the ridge might ensure a better biomechanical environment for both the implant and alveolar ridge.
