Karthikeyan Vijayakumar , Sundaramoorthi Nainar Murugesan* Dhandapani Chidambaram, Archana Sreekantan Nair , Saji Vijayan
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the demographics, risk factors, admission causes, diabetic complications and medical management associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients admitted in a semi-urban city in South India. This study followed the Danish Diabetes Risk Score and validated the linkage between Type 2 diabetes and risk factors.
Methods: This study was carried out at Kovai Medical Center and Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India. A total of 270 patients, comprising of both male and female patients diagnosed as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with or without co-morbidities admitted and treated as an in-patient basis were included in this study.
Results: Out of 270 patients studied most of patients were in the age groups 60-79 years and 40-59 years, constituting 42.22% and 41.85%. Obesity, the conventional risk factor for diabetes, was observed in 32.22% of total population and another 13.33% were pre-obese. The most prevalent macro vascular complication observed was Cardio vascular, 20.37% and among the micro vascular complications, diabetic nephropathy was most prevalent. During hospitalization, the past medication history of 68.53% of the patients were not available. And at discharge, 39.25% were advised Insulin only, 30.37% were advised both Insulin & Oral Hypoglycemic Agents and 27.03% were prescribed Oral Hypoglycemic Agents (OHA) only. Only 3.33% were on diabetic diet.
Conclusion:
Among the surveyed population, risk factor, macro vascular and micro vascular complications confirms with the earlier study reports. Also, medical regimens observed in this study confirms that while short acting insulin is the preferred insulin for immediate management, intermediate acting insulin still remains the most trusted insulin for long term diabetes control.
