Perspective - (2023) Volume 4, Issue 1
Biofuels are defined as liquid, gaseous, and solid fuels that are mostly produced from biomass. Biofuels are used for a variety of reasons, such as energy security, environmental protection, currency savings, and socioeconomic challenges specific to rural areas. Vegetable oils, biodiesel, biogas, biosynthetic gas, bioethanol, bio methanol, biodiesel, bio oil, bio char, and bio hydrogen are all examples of biofuels. The majority of conventional biofuels, such as ethanol from maize, wheat, or sugar beets and biodiesel from oil seeds, are made from well known agricultural food crops that require high quality agricultural land to cultivate. An alternative or supplement for gasoline is bioethanol. Utilizing bio syngas derived from the steam reforming of biomass, bioethanol may be created from biomass. The recovery of bio methanol is much simpler than that of bioethanol from biomass. It is costly to purify the ethanol during recovery since it forms an azeotrope with water. First generation biofuel feedstock sources such as sugarcane, cereal grains, and oilseeds for biodiesel and biobutanol directly compete with the demands for global food security. Gene suppression can stop the intensive usage of oilseed rape from releasing large amounts of methyl bromide into the atmosphere. The cultivation of lignocellulosic crops or the waste from straw will be the source of second generation bioethanol/biobutanol biofuels. These might be largely substituted by transgenically lowering or altering lignin concentration and upregulating cellulose production in place of the heat and acid now needed to remove lignin. Transgenically modifying silicon content may be used to lower nonperceptible silicon emissions from burning.
The globe has seen great advancements in the industry, contemporary lifestyles, and the number of vehicles on the road, which has resulted in a considerable rise in demand for petroleum based gasoline. Currently, petroleum based fuels account for more than 80% of the primary energy required by the whole globe, 60% of which is used by the transportation sector. The oxygen concentration is the main distinction between petroleum feedstocks and biofuels. Petroleum has almost no oxygen, but biofuels contain amounts ranging from 10 to 45 percent, giving them considerably different chemical characteristics from petroleum. They all have extremely low sulfur and nitrogen levels.
Three primary factors make biomass seem like a desirable feedstock. First of all, it is a resource that can be utilized responsibly in the future and is renewable. Second, based on the fact that there are no net carbon dioxide emissions and very low sulfur content, it seems to have extraordinarily favorable environmental features. Third, assuming future increases in the price of fossil fuels, it looks to have considerable economic potential. Because the carbon content of lignocellulosic bioethanol is mostly obtained from carbon that was stored during the growth of the bio feedstock and is only being released back into the atmosphere, it has very low emissions. The fuels for alcohol are often derived from biological sources rather than petroleum. They are frequently referred to as bio alcohols when derived from biological sources. About 5% of the ethanol generated biologically is water. As it produces an azeotropic combination, this mixture could also be difficult to purify using simple distillation. Bio alcohols are currently in the research and development phases.
Since Indian crude oil production is almost at a standstill, the sustainable development of alternative fuels derived from biomass resources is a crucial requirement for the country's fuel business. Although several indigenous methods for producing bioethanol and biodiesel from a variety of bio based feedstocks have been developed, the industrial production of these biofuels is still in its infancy due to a lack of suitable feedstocks. The Indian government, along with other national governments, has to take more decisive action to guarantee the biofuel sector has access to a sufficient quantity of feedstock. Additionally, research and development in India should concentrate on next generation biofuels that go beyond bioethanol and biodiesel made from vegetable oil. Chemical, thermochemical, and biochemical processes may all be used to turn biomass into biofuels. Chemical processes include the manufacture of bioethanol and biodiesel, while thermochemical processes include the creation of bio oil, bio syngas, and bio hydrogen. A fuel called bioethanol is produced from feedstock that is renewable and generally comes from plants like wheat, sugar beet, corn, straw, and wood. A gasoline additive or replacement is bioethanol. In terms of sulfur level, flash point, aromatic content, and biodegradability, biodiesel is superior to diesel fuel.
Cellulosic biomass resources are widely available domestically and may be used to make bioethanol. Examples include herbaceous and woody plants, agricultural and forestry waste, a sizable amount of municipal solid trash, and industrial waste streams. One method of lowering both the use of crude oil and environmental pollution is the production of bioethanol from biomass.
Citation: Scarlett H. "Production of Biofuel Using the Crops". Int J Innov Res Sci Eng Techno, 2023, 4(1), 1.
Received: 03-Aug-2022, Manuscript No. IJIRSET-22-71160; Editor assigned: 05-Aug-2022, Pre QC No. IJIRSET-22-71160 (PQ); Reviewed: 19-Aug-2022, QC No. IJIRSET-22-71160; Revised: 27-Dec-2022, Manuscript No. IJIRSET-22-71160 (R); Published: 06-Jan-2023, DOI: 10.35248/IJIRSET.23.4(1).002
Copyright: © 2023 Scarlett H. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
