An antioxidant is a molecule which inhibits oxidation reaction. Antioxidants terminate the chain reaction caused by free radicals of oxidation reaction thereby preventing cell damage or death of the cells.Antioxidants are molecules that inhibit oxidation of other molecules, thereby preventing formation of free radicals. These free radicals can cause harmful chain reactions that are responsible for cell damage or cell death, which in turn lead to carcinogenesis. Antioxidants neutralize these radicals by donating their electrons there by ending the electron taking reaction1. Antioxidants are widely used for a spectrum of clinical situations in routine practice. An increased interest in the role of free radical oxidative damage in human diseases along with an upsurge in research implies its potential in dental practice too The oral cavity is under constant bombardment from food and drink, as well as alcohol, tobacco products and nicotine, dental materials and much more. Bacteria and other disease-causing agents along with systemic conditions present further insult. Because the oral tissues are delicate, they are especially vulnerable to cell damage caused by free radicals and oxidative stress.Saliva provides a natural defense against bacteria and other substances harmful to health. Research is confirming that antioxidants are among the most important elements in saliva, and that they help protect against oral diseases including cancer and are vital to tissue health and healing.Saliva is the clear, viscous fluid secreted by the three pairs of major salivary glands. It is 98 percent water, and the remaining two percent includes proteins, electrolytes, enzymes, hormones, and other substances.One of the major functions of saliva is digestion. The liquid and the enzymes soften food and begin the process of breaking it down.Saliva is also important in maintaining oral health. It lubricates the teeth and tongue, and helps wash away particles of food. Although saliva can harbor bacteria and other microorganisms, it also has natural antibacterial compounds, including thiocyanate, hydrogen peroxide and immunoglobulin A.Human saliva is rich in antioxidant compounds. The primary antioxidants include uric acid, albumin, ascorbic acid, glutathione and antioxidant enzymes. In addition, because saliva reflects the body’s levels of various hormonal, immunological, toxicological and infectious disease markers, it is an excellent tool for monitoring oral and systemic health Antioxidants are critical to the body’s defense system. They neutralize free radicals, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), that can cause oxidative stress leading to cell breakdown, tissue damage and DNA mutations. Antioxidants have also been shown to promote the wound-healing process and to limit the body’s release of certain inflammation-causing proteins
