Prescription drugs are often strong medications, which is why they require a prescription from a doctor or dentist. There are three kinds of prescription drugs that are commonly misused:

Opioids—used to relieve pain, such as Vicodin®, OxyContin®, or codeine Depressants—used to relieve anxiety or help a person sleep, such as Valium® or Xanax® Stimulants— used for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), such as Adderall® and Ritalin®

Prescription drug misuse has become a large public health problem, because misuse can lead to addiction, and even overdose deaths.

Every medication has some risk for harmful effects, sometimes serious ones. Doctors and dentists consider the potential benefits and risks to each patient before prescribing medications and take into account a lot of different factors, described below. When prescription drugs are misused, they can be just as dangerous as drugs that are made illegally.