Probiotics are live microorganisms promoted with claims that they provide health benefits when consumed, generally by improving or restoring the gut flora. Probiotics are considered generally safe to consume, but may cause bacteria-host interactions and unwanted side effects in rare cases. There is little evidence that probiotics bring the health benefits claimed for them.
A growing probiotics market has led to the need for stricter requirements for scientific substantiation of putative benefits conferred by microorganisms claimed to be probiotic. Although numerous claimed benefits are marketed towards using consumer probiotic products, such as reducing gastrointestinal discomfort, improving immune health, relieving constipation, or avoiding the common cold, such claims are not supported by scientific evidence, and are prohibited as deceptive advertising in the United States by the Federal Trade Commission. As of 2019, numerous applications for approval of health claims by European manufacturers of probiotic dietary supplements have been rejected by the European Food Safety Authority for insufficient evidence of beneficial mechanism or efficacy.
Research Article: Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences
Research Article: Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences
Research Article: Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences
Review Article: Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences
Special Issue Article: Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences
Scientific Tracks Abstracts: Journal of Clinical and Cellular Immunology
Keynote: Clinical & Experimental Cardiology
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology
Scientific Tracks Abstracts: Clinical & Experimental Cardiology
Posters: Clinical & Experimental Cardiology