Drug dependence differs from drug abuse in three ways. First, drug dependence consists of clearly measurable periods of tolerance and withdrawal, whereas drug abuse sets the occasion for tolerance and withdrawal. Abuse means there exist early warning signs of life impairment predictive of physical and psychological dependence. Adults arrested for driving under the influence of alcohol, for instance, often face fears that their uncontrolled drinking may result in fatal vehicular accidents. Second, drug-dependent users show marked cognitive, behavioral, and psychomotor retardation in their daily activities. t will publish the latest and up-to-date information on alcoholism, drug dependence and abuse, and substance dependence. The articles published in this journal are freely available for the readers. For the dissemination of this research work, the journal is indexed in Google Scholar, J-Gate, and also a member of Crossref, ORCID and Publons.
