Light pollution also known as photo pollution or luminous pollution is excessive, misdirected, or obtrusive artificial light. Pollution is the adding-of light itself, in analogy to added sound, carbon dioxide, etc. It includes adverse effects of artificial light sky glow, gare, light clutter,decreased visibility at night, and energy waste.
Light pollution is a side effect of industrial civilization. Its sources include building exterior and interior lighting, advertising, commercial properties, offices, factories, streetlights, and illuminated sporting venues. The fact is that much outdoor lighting used at night is inefficient, overly bright, poorly targeted, improperly shielded, and, in many cases, completely unnecessary. This light, and the electricity used to create it, is being wasted by spilling it into the sky, rather than focusing it on to the actual objects and areas that people want illuminated.
Related Journals of Light Pollution
Hydrogeology & Hydrologic Engineering, Hydrology: Current Research, Fundamentals of Renewable Energy and Applications, International Journal of Waste Resources, International Journal of Environmental Studies, International Journal of River Basin Management, Journal of Ecology.
